Functions

 Functions:

Set of blocks which can be reused for making coding efficient and readable.
# Functions in Python
# # Functions are defined using the def keyword
# # Functions can take any number of arguments
# # Functions can return any number of values
# # Functions can return any type of object
# # Functions can be nested
# # Functions can be used as arguments to other functions
# # Functions can be used as elements in lists
# # Functions can be used as elements in tuples
# # Functions can be used as elements in dictionaries
# # Functions can be used as elements in sets
# # Functions can be used as elements in frozensets
# # Functions can be used as elements in arrays

# No parameters
def my_function():
    print("Hello World")
    return 0

my_function()

# single parameter
def print_my_name(name):
    print("Hello " + name)
    return 0

print_my_name("Puneet")

# multiple parameters
def print_my_full_name(first_name, last_name):
    print("Hello " + first_name + " " + last_name)
    return 0

print_my_full_name("Puneet", "Kumar Singh")

# Scope of varaibles. Through local and global variables

# local variable red scoped to function alone.
def print_color_red():
    color = "red"
    print(color)
    return 0
print_color_red()

# global variable
color="blue"
print(color)
print_color_red()
# print(color) # it will print red because color is defined in this scope

def print_numbers(highestNumber, lowestNumber):
    print("Highest number is: " + str(highestNumber))
    print("Lowest number is: " + str(lowestNumber))
    return 0

print_numbers(highestNumber=10, lowestNumber=1)

# returning value from function
def multiply_numbers(num1, num2):
    return num1 * num2

solution = multiply_numbers(10, 20)
print("The solution is: " + str(solution))

# supplying list as parameter
def print_list(list_of_numbers):
    for number in list_of_numbers:
        print(number)
    return 0

print_list([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

# function calling another function
def buy_item(cost_of_item):
    return cost_of_item + add_tax_to_item(cost_of_item)

def add_tax_to_item(cost_of_item):
    tax_rate = 0.25
    tax = cost_of_item * tax_rate
    return tax

final_cost = buy_item(100)
print("The final cost is: " + str(final_cost))
# The final cost is: 125.0

Assignment:
"""
Create a function that takes in 3 parameters(firstName, lastName, age) and
returns a dictionary bvased on those values.
"""

def createUserDitionary(firstName, lastName, age):
    userDictionary = {
        "first_name": firstName,
        "last_name": lastName,
        "age": age
    }
    return userDictionary

# Example usage
user_info = createUserDitionary(firstName="Puneet", lastName="Kumar Singh", age=25)
print(user_info)


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